EASTERN PANAMA AREA SPECIALTIES

TINAMOUS TINAMIDAE(3)

Great Tinamou Tinamus major  C {2:2}

Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui C {2:3}

Choco Tinamou Crypturellus kerriae R* {2:4} Red legged far eastern bird spilling over from Columbia. Three noted "whoo whoo ahhhh" call.

NEW WORLD QUAILS ODONTOPHORIDAE

Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis  U {12:1} Mapped out by voice as virtually impossible to see. Two noted dueting male and females.

Black-eared Wood-Quail Odontophorus melanotis  R {12:2}

Tacarcuna Wood-Quail Odontophorus dialeucos VR* {12:3} Adjacent to Columbia >4000 feet.

Tawny-faced Quail Rhynchortyx cinctus  R {14:1}

GREBES PODICIPEDIDAE

Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus  U {14:3}

  CURASSOWS, GUANS, CHACHALACAS CRACIDAE

Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps C {10:1}

Crested Guan Penelope purpurascens C {10:2}

Great Curassow Crax rubra  R {10:4}

HERONS ARDEIDAE

Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum  C {26:2}

Fasciated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma fasciatum  R {26:3}

Bare-throated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma mexicanum  R {26:4}

Cocoi (White-necked) Heron Ardea cocoi  U {28:2} Great Blue equivalent for the area. Immatures can be mistaken for GBH.

Striated Heron Butorides striata  C {30:5} Like a grayish toned version of our Green.

Agami Heron Agamia agami  R {26:5}

Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus  U {30:3} Distinctive cap and creamy neck with a white body.

Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius  R {32:3}

IBISES THRESKIORNITHIDAE

Green Ibis Mesembrinibis cayennensis  R {34:4}

NEW WORLD VULTURES CATHARTIDAE

Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes burrovianus  U {36:3}

King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa  C {36:3}

HAWKS, EAGLES & KITES ACCIPITRIDAE

Osprey Pandion haliaetus C {38:1}

Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayennesis  U {38:2}

Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus  U {38:3}

Pearl Kite Gampsonyx swainsonii  U {38:4}

Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus  U {40:1}

Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus  U {40:3}

White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus  U {40:2}

Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis  M {40:4}

Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea  M {40:5}

Slender-billed Kite Rostrhamus hamatus  VR* {42:2} A Snail Kite without any white.

Black-collared Hawk Busarellus nigricollis  U {42:3}

Long-winged Harrier Circus buffoni  V* {42:5} Vagrant in the east.

Tiny Hawk Accipiter superciliosus  U {44:4} 11 inch females just smaller than Sharpies. No Sharpies here.

Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor  R {44:3} 18 inch females, usually with reddish femoral coverts, strongly barred tail.

Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens  U {44:5} River edges, lowland bird, most of the east though. White curved lunules at the base of the primaries.

Barred Hawk Leucopternis princeps  U {46:1}

Plumbeus Hawk Leucopternis plumbeus  R {46:2} Dark all over with white underwings. White tail bands.

Semiplumbeous Hawk Leucopternis semiplumbeus  U {46:3} 

White Hawk Leucopternis albicollis  U {46:4}

Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis U {46:5} Western Chiriqui and far western Darien only in the east.

Common Black Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus  U {48:1} Mainly Coastal and large rivers and lakes.

Great Black Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga  U {48:2}

Solitary Eagle Harpyhaliaetus solitarius  VR {48:3} Now seen at Darien camp. Rare in the east.

Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus  U {48:4}

Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris  C {50:1}

Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus  M {50:2}

Gray Hawk Buteo nitidus  U {50:3}

Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus  U {50:4}

Crested Eagle Morphnus guianensis  R {54:1}

Harpy Eagle Harpia harpyja  R {54:2}

Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus melanoleucus  R {54:5} Black eye mark. Like White Hawk in flight with a multi-barred tail. 3 to 4 inches larger than White or Black-faced.

Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus  U {54:3}

Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus  R {54:4}

FALCONS AND CARACARAS FALCONIDAE (12)

Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis  U {56:1} 3 or 4 tail bands. 13 inch birds. Three to four note sequences mainly of "kyews" or "whews".

Slaty-backed Forest-Falcon Micrastur mirandollei  U {56:2} No collar, no white facial mark. 17 inch birds. Higher and faster than Collared. Next to last note drawn and rising.

Collared Forest-Falcon Micrastur semitorquatus  U {56:3} 22 inch bird like a large Buckley's. Human sounding "aww" doubled and in rising sequence.

Red-throated Caracara Ibycter americanus  C {56:4} White belly with white-black wings. Large white terminal tail band. Screeches, screams and caterwauls.

Crested Caracara Caracara cheriway  U {58:1}

Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima  U {58:2} Barely into east.

Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans  U {58:3} Extensive eastern range.

Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis  U {60:2} Entire east.

American Kestrel Falco sparverius  U {58:4}

Merlin Falco columbarius  U {58:5}

Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus  M {58:5}

Orange-breasted Falcon Falco deiroleucus VR* {60:3} Cliff nester, scattered records.

SUNBITTERN EURYPYGIDAE

Sunbittern Eurypyga helias  U {60:5}

RAILS, GALLINULES & CRAKES RALLIDAE (8)

Uniform Crake Amaurolimnas concolor R {64:1} Dark rufous with yellow bill.

Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exilis R {62:3} Like a Black Rail with no barring on the back.

White-throated Crake Laterallus albigularis C {62:2}

Sora Parzana carolina  M {64:2}

Yellow-breasted Crake Parzana flaviventer  R {64:3} Very small, yellow brown rail. "Kreeeer".

Gray-cowled Wood-Rail Aramides cajanea  C {62:5}

Purple Gallinule Porphyrula martinica  C {66:2}

Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus  C {66:3}

FINFOOTS HELIORNITHIDAE

Sungrebe Heliornis fulica  U* {66:5} Mostly quiet but some barking "coo coo coo-AH" and "coo-ah  coo-ah" notes.

LIMPKINS ARAMIDAE

Limpkin Aramus guarauna  U {68:1} Amazing array of screams and yaps in varied combinations. Usually at dawn.

PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS CHARADRIIDAE

Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis  C {68:2} Quite a bit larger than Pied Plover, darker body.

JACANAS JACANIDAE

Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana C {72:3}

SANDPIPERS SCOLOPACIDAE (6)

Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria  M

Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia  M

Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos  M

Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda  M

Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus  M

Wilson's Snipe Gallinago delicata  M

PIGEONS AND DOVES COLUMBIDAE (13)

Rock Pigeon Columba livia  C {100:1}

Pale-vented Pigeon Columba cayennensis  C {102:1} "whooOOoo up-up-whooOOo up-up-whooOOo" aggressive.

Plumbeous Pigeon Columba plumbea  R {100:2} "woo whOOoOO whoOOo" occasionally last note missing.

Scaled Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis C {102:2}

Ruddy Pigeon Columba subvinacea  C {100:3} "WOOP ah-WOOP oo" (hit the foul pole according to Ted).

Short-billed Pigeon Patagioenas nigrirostris  C {100:2}

Plain-breasted Ground-Dove Columbina minuta  U {104:2} Both sexes similar to female RGD. Call is single noted as opposed to doubled Ruddy call.

Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti  C {104:3} "cu-WHoop cu-Whoop cu-Whoop...".

Blue Ground-Dove Claravis pretiosa  U {104:4} "POOP POOP POOP POOP...".

Gray-chested Dove Leptotila cassini  C {106:4}

White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi  C {106:1} "who HOOooooo." Doubled and falling off.

Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana  U {108:5} "wheeEEWW" shorter and less hollow than GFD.

Olive-backed Quail-Dove Geotrygon veraguensis  R {106:5}

PARROTS AND MACAWS PSITTACIDAE (12)

Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna  R {112:5} Unmistakable, all blues and yellows. Repeated rolling "rRAA-A-AAHHt".

Red-and-green Macaw Ara chloroptera  U {112:2} Also rolling "rAAAAed". Slightly higher than above. No Scarlets in the area of Darien.

Great Green Macaw Ara ambiguus R {112:4}

Chestnut-fronted Macaw Ara severa  R {112:3} "AAAee AAAeee" shorter higher and repetitive compared to the big three above.

Spectacled Parrotlet Forpus conspicillatus U {114:1} Smaller, square tailed with no shoulder patch compared to much more common OCP.

Orange-chinned Parakeet Brotogeris jugularis  C {114:2}

Brown-hooded Parrot Pyrilia haematotis  U {114:6}

Saffron-headed Parrot Pyrilia pyrilia  R {114:5} Limited to Darien area. Bold yellow head and red underwing coverts.

Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus  C {116:1}

Red-lored Amazon Amazona autumnalis  A {116:3}

Yellow-crowned Amazon Amazona ochrocephala  U {116:5} "Oww ohh  oww ohh gWoww, gwooww whoo did itt. Ownn it   ownn ittt." Some very odd mechanical noises. Sometimes owlish sounds.

Mealy Amazon  Amazona farinosa  C {116:4} Red elbow mark on wing from below. Tail appears two toned with broad paler band at tip. "Kuh CHucckk" also trumpets, squeaks, cell phone noises, painful rasps. Seems to have an endless repertoire.

CUCKOOS AND ANIS CUCULIDAE (10)

Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana C {120:2} Loud "KEEK wahh." Song a rising repeated "wheep   wheep    wheep" series as here.

Little Cuckoo Coccycua minuta R {120:3} Appears all red and crested. Sounds are sharp "kik" as in this first recording. Some songs here. "meeuuuuh meh meh meh mehmehmehmeew."

Dwarf Cuckoo Coccycua pumila  V {118:4} White bellied, gray backed.

Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia  U {120:4} Common call two sharp clear whistled notes.

Greater Ani Crotophaga major  U {122:1}

Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani  C {122:2}

Groove-billed Ani Crotophaga sulcirostris  U {122:3}

Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo Neomorphus geoffroyi  VR {120:6} Claps beak rapidly. Rising hoots, about 1 per 4 seconds spacing.

OWLS STRINGIDAE (8)

Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba  U {126:1} "pu pu pu pu pu pu PUUU".

Vermiculated Screech-Owl Megascops guatemalae  U {126:2} Dark rufous headed, with a froglike call.

Crested Owl Lophostrix cristata  R {124:1} Often just single "wheeoOOw" notes.

Spectacled Owl Pulsatrix perspicillata  U {124:2} Rattling sheet metal call.

Central American Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium griseiceps  R {126:5} Repetitive whistles like many in the genus.

Black-and-white Owl Ciccaba virgata  U {124:4}

Mottled Owl Strix virgata  C {124:3} Same pattern as Black-banded but less aggressive and quieter.

Striped Owl Pseudoscops clamator  R {124:5} Apparently no one has recorded the actual full call of this bird. Damn things must never do it. Macauley will drive you nuts on this one. "wooOOo" notes and screeches recorded in many locations. As well as a dog barking two noted noise.

NIGHTHAWKS AND NIGHTJARS CAPRIMULGIDAE (5)

Short-tailed Nighthawk Lurocalis semitorquatus  R {128:1}

Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis  U {128:2}

Common Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis  C

Rufous Nightjar Caprimulgus nigrescens  U {130:2} "Chucck, whik whik whee oohh."

White-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis cayennensis  R {130:5} "chik-fWheee."

POTOOS NYCTIBIIDAE

Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis U {132:1}

Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus U {132:2}

OILBIRDS STEATORNITHIDAE

Oilbird Steatornis caripensis R {132:3}

SWIFTS APODIDAE (6)

White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris U {134:4}

Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura  C {136:2}

Band-rumped Swift Chaetura spinicaudus C {136:4}

Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift Panyptila cayennensis  C {136:7}

HUMMINGBIRDS TROCHILIDAE (21)

Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsutus  C {140:1} Muted facial markings. Rufous lateral tail patches, rufous throat and upper breast.

Long-billed Hermit Phaethornis longirostris C {138:2} Full white streamer tails.

Band-tailed Barbthroat Threnetes ruckeri  U {140:3} Darker overall and gray beneath compared to Great-billed. Also streamer tailed.

Pale-bellied Hermit Phaethornis anthophilus U {138:4} Smaller and straight billed. Shorter streamers.

Stripe-throated Hermit Phaethornis strigularis  C {140:4} Minimal streamer, dusky throated and darker breasted.

White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora  C {142:3} Distinctive males. Females with scaly and grayed undersides, mainly green otherwise with some subtle tail banding.

Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis C {144:3} The only local mango with the typical male/female mango sexual differences. Large aggressive hummers at feeders sometimes.

Ruby-topaz Hummingbird Chrysolampis mosquitus R {144:4} Not pictured. Images here.

Rufous-crested Coquette Lophornis delattrei  R {146:2} Images.

Garden Emerald Chlorostilbon assimilis  U {144:5} 

Green-crowned Woodnymph Thalurania fannyi  U {146:6}

Blue-throated Goldentail Hylocharis eliciae U {148:4}

Blue-chested Hummingbird Amazilia amabilis  C {150:5}

Snowy-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia edward  C {150:2}

Rufous-tailed Hummingbird Amazilia tzacatl  C {150:3}

Scaly-breasted Hummingbird Phaeochroa cuvieri  C {142:1}

White-vented Plumleteer Chalybura buffonii  U {150:3}

Sapphire-throated Hummingbird Chrysuronia coeruleogularis U {148:5} Fork tailed in both sexes with white breasted females. Images.

Violet-bellied Hummingbird Damophila julie  C {148:2}

Purple-crowned Fairy Heliothryx barroti  C {156:2}

Long-billed Starthroat Heliomaster longirostris C {156:3} White flanks. Blue crown, red throat. Darker bellied.

TROGONS AND QUETZALS TROGONIDAE (5)

White-tailed (Green-backed) Trogon Trogon viridis  C {160:1} Blue over yellow males with extensive white in underside of tail. Pale blue eye ring. Gray over yellow females very similar to violaceus. "Oww oww oww oww choww choww choww chow chow chow" speeding slowly.

Northern Violaceous (Gartered) Trogon Trogon caligatus  C {160:2} Blue over yellow males. Gray over yellow females. Pale orbital rings male, split ring in female whitish.  "Welt welt we-lt we-lt we-lt" maintaining steadier cadence than curucui.

Black-tailed Trogon Trogon melanurus C {162:3} Green over red males with yellowish beak, all black underside of tail. Males with orange eye ring. "Whooot wo-oot wo-oot wo-oot wo-oot wo-oot wooot woot" owlish, different from all of above.

Slaty-tailed Trogon Trogon massena  C {162:4} Orange beaked. Males with no white on chest. Sustained 'Cuhh  cuhh  cuhh' notes.

Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus  C {160:3} Green over yellow males, extensive white beneath tail. Brown over yellow females. "Whoo whout whout whout whout" slower and steady.

MOTMOTS MOMOTIDAE

Tody Motmot  Hylomanes momotula  R {166:3} Small and short tailed. Yelping "Gwah gwah gwah gwah.."

Whooping (Blue-crowned) Motmot Momotus subrufescens C {166:4} "whoo-puut    whoo-putt..."

Broad-billed Motmot Electron platyrhynchum  C {166:2}

Rufous Motmot Baryphthengus martii  C {166:1}

KINGFISHERS ALCEDINIDAE (6)

Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata  C {168:1}

Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona  C {168:3} Sounds like a Bald Eagle calling.

Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana  C {168:4}

Green-and-Rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda  U {168:5}

American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea  U {168:6}

PUFFBIRDS AND NUNBIRDS BUCCONIDAE (7)

Barred Puffbird Nystalus radiatus  U {170:1} Long drawn wolf whistle.

White-necked Puffbird Notharchus hyperrhynchus  C {170:2} 10 inch puffbird. Like a giant Pied with a dark undertail. Long frog trill call.

Pied Puffbird Notharchus tectus  U {170:4} Killdeer whistles. Peeps, spinning down and excited. 6 inch puffbird.

Black-breasted Puffbird Notharchus pectoralis  C {170:3}

White-whiskered Puffbird Malacoptila panamensis  C {170:5}

Gray-cheeked Nunlet Nonnula frontalis  U {172:1} 5 inches, cinnamon breasted. "Wheeip wheeeip wheeeip..."

White-fronted Nunbird  Monasa morpheus  U {172:2}

JACAMARS GALBULIDAE (3)

Dusky-backed Jacamar Brachygalba salmoni  VR {172:3} Very contrasting white throat.

Rufous-tailed Jacamar Galbula ruficauda  U {172:5}

Great Jacamar Jacamerops aureus  U {172:4} Twice the size of above. Green backed, orange bellied. 12 inch bird. Long whistles trailing off. "heeeee-ooooooo."

BARBETS CAPITONIDAE

Spot-crowned Barbet Capito maculicoronatus C {174:1} Only Barbet in area. Dark backed, black throated females.

TOUCANS RAMPHASTIDAE (7)

Collared Araçari Pteroglossus torquatus  C {176:1}

Yellow-eared Toucanet Selenidera spectabilis  U  {174:5} Only Toucanet in area. Golden ear and eye patch. "grooow  grooow grooow grooow groooowww." Low and froggish.

Chestnut-mandibled Toucan Ramphastos swainsonii  C {176:4}

Keel-billed (Yellow-ridged) Toucan Ramphastos sulfuratus  C {176:3}

WOODPECKERS PICIDAE (11)

Olivaceous Piculet Picumnus olivaceous U {180:1}

Spot-breasted Woodpecker Colaptes punctigula U {180:6} Strong white face patch, spotty breast. "wee wee wee wee wee wee weeiip."

Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker Piculus callopterus U {182:3} Smaller than GGW but similar. Female with some red on the nape.

Golden-green Woodpecker Piculus chrysochloros U {182:4}

Cinnamon Woodpecker Celeus elegans C {182:5}

Red-crowned Woodpecker Melanerpes rubricapillus C {178:4}

Black-cheeked Woodpecker Melanerpes pucherani C {178:3}

Red-rumped Woodpecker Veniliornis kirkii  U {180:5}

Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus C {184:1} V on back broken at bottom.

Crimson-bellied Woodpecker Campephilus haematogaster R {184:4} 

Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos C {184:2}

WOODCREEPERS DENDROCOLAPTIDAE (13)

Plain-brown Woodcreeper Dendrocincla fuliginosa C {196:1} 9 inches, large billed, mostly reddish brown.

Ruddy Woodcreeper Dendrocincla R{196:3}

Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus U {194:4} Greenish gray over reddish wings and tail.

Wedge-billed Woodcreeper Glyphorynchus spirurus U {200:1} Short beak, spot lines on chest.

Long-tailed Woodcreeper Deconychura longicauda U {194:5} Pale white breast spots. Rapid chipping that accelerates.

Northern Barred Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae U {196:5} Scaly Barred look.

Black-striped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus C {198:4}

Cocoa Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus susurrans C {198:3}

Spotted Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus erythropygius U {198:5}

Streak-headed Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes souleyetii C {200:2}

Red-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus trochilirostris R {200:4} Bill distinct in this area, long and curved. "Wee weee weee weee weee weee weeep wooo."

Plain Xenops Xenops minutus C {192:5} "tssseeep tseeeeEEp tseeEEEp TSEEP TSEEP."

Streaked Xenops Xenops rutilans U {192:4}

OVENBIRDS FURNARIIDAE (6)

Short-billed Leaftosser Sclerurus rufigularis [3] {194:3} High sharp "tseeps" mostly. "Tee tee te te tuu tuu tu tiii." Descending.

Tawny-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus mexicanus U {194:1} Long beak, not much throat contrast. "PEEe pEee pEee peee peee peeee peee peeee." Whistled high and descending.

Scaly-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus guatemalensis U {194:3} No rufus on rump. Long series of sharp whistles, sometimes for minutes.

Pale-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albescens  U {186:1}  Thicket lover. Rufous wing patch.

Slaty-winged Foliage-Gleaner Philydor fuscipenne R {190:3}

Buff-throated Foliage-Gleaner Automolus ochrolaemus U {190:5} Dark eyed and pale eye ring. "WEE weeh weeh wehr werh wuup." Falling and whiny. Distinct. Usually 5 or 6 notes and complete.

Double-banded Graytail Xenerpestes minlosi  U {186:5} Like a gray backed warbler with a bigger bill.

ANTBIRDS AND ANTWRENS THAMNOPHILIDAE (23)

Fasciated Antshrike Cymbilaimus lineatus U {202:1} Much smaller than Undulated. "weEEW wheeew whEEWW whEEWW WHEEWWWoo." Rising slowly.

Great Antshrike Taraba major U {202:2} Bouncing ball "tchhrrrt tchrrt tchrrt..." followed by and odd "whuuaaaaat."

Western-slaty Antshrike Thamnophilus atrinucha  C {204:2}

Barred Antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus C {202:3} 6 inch bird. Females very rufous. Agitated "wert werrt werrt werrt wer wer werper DEEHH."

Black Antshrike Thamnophilus nigriceps  C {202:4}

Russet Antshrike Thamnistes anabatinus U {204:4}

Spot-crowned Antvireo Dysithamnus puncticeps  U {206:2}

Pacific Antwren Myrmotherula pacifica  U {206:5} Female rufous faced.

Moustached (Short-billed) Antwren Myrmotherula ignota  U {206:4} Both sexes with some yellowing. Almost unstreaked on the yellow breasts. Clear white (cream or yellowed in female) cheek patch above the dark moustache. "Tuipp tuiipp tuip tuip tui tui ti ti ti ti tit ti." Bouncing down rhythm much clearer and cleaner than Pygmy.

White-flanked Antwren Myrmotherula axillaris  C {208:1} Both sexes strongly white flanked. Female creamy brown. Repetitive "cheu-cheu cheu cheu cheu-chu chu cheeww chu chu."

Checker-throated Antwren Epinecrophylla fulviventris C {206:3}

Rufous-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus  C {208:3}

Dot-winged Antwren Microrhopias quixensis  C {208:4} Both sexes flashy black and white birds. "whit cheet CHEET CHEET CHet chit chit chit chit." They have a repertoire of notes in shorter forms.

Dusky Antbird Cercomacroides tyrannina  C {210:3}

Jet Antbird Cercomacra nigricans  U {210:4}

Bare-crowned Antbird Gymnocichla nudiceps U {210:5} Male bare blue forecrown. Female rufous. Sharp clear piping notes that accelerate slightly.

Chestnut-backed Antbird Myrmeciza exsul C {212:1}

Dull-mantled Antbird Sipia laemosticta R {212:2} No pale patch on face. Spotted shoulders.

White-bellied Antbird Myrmeciza longipes C {212:4}

Bicolored (White-cheeked) Antbird Gymnopithys leucaspis C {214:3} "TUUEEee twEEeee twee twe twe twe twe twe twe weet weet weet." Falling off and slowing.

Spotted Antbird Hylophylax naevius C {214:1} Gray faced. More yellows and creams over the back and tail of male than Dotties. Yellow spots on female's back. "Wee tee-wEee tee-weEe tee-wEee tee-wEee tee-wEee tee-wee tee-wee chip."

Wing-banded Antbird Myrmornis torquata VR {214:2} Hops, tail upturned. Black chinned males, orange chinned females. "Whee wheew wheew wheeW WHEEw WHEE WHEE WHEEE whe wheat." Squeaky and rising to the end.

Ocellated Antbird Phaenostictus mcleannani  U {214:4}

ANTTRUSHES FORMICARIIDAE (2)

Black-headed Antthrush Formicarius nigricapillus R {216:2} 

Black-faced Antthrush Formicarius analis C {216:1} "Tehrt     tu tu tu tu tu tu tu toot," first note followed by a pause and then a spinning wheel.

ANTPITTAS GRALLARIDAE (2)

Black-crowned Antpitta Pittasoma michleri  R {216:4} Impressive scalloped breast.

Streak-chested Antpitta Hylopezus perspicillatus U {218:2} Five inch bird. 10 clear whistles.

BROADBILLS EURYLAIMIDAE

Sapayoa Sapayoa aenigma  R {220:4} Odd flycatchery olive thing. Wide bill. Short trill call.

FLYCATCHERS TYRANNIDAE (63)

Brown-capped Tyrannulet Ornithion brunneicapillus  C {222:1}

Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum  C {221:3}

Mouse-colored Tyrannulet Phaeomyias murina  U {222:4}

Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola  C {224:1}

Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet Tyrannulus elatus  C {224:2} "wee-HEWW or three BEERS    weeee HEWWW." Repeated like a whistled Eastern Phoebe call.

Paltry Tyrannulet Zimmerius vilissimus  C {230:2}

Yellow-green Tyrannulet Phylloscartes flavovirens U {228:3}

Sooty-headed Tyrannulet Phyllomyias griseiceps U {230:1}

Forest Elaenia Myiopagis gaimardii  C {224:3} "Tweeee?    pee tweeee?"

Gray Elaenia Myiopagis caniceps U {224:5} "Tsee tsee tsee see see seee    see se de de de."

Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis parvirostris U {224:4}

Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster C {226:1}

Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis U {226:2}

Ochre-bellied Flycatcher Mionectes oleagineus C {226:4}

Olive-striped Flycatcher Mionecte solivaceus U {226:5}

Northern Scrub-Flycatcher Sublegatus arenarum U {232:1}

Black-capped Pygmy-Tyrant Myiornis atricapillus C {230:4}

Southern Bentbill Oncostoma olivaceum C {256:1} Frog call.

Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum nigriceps C {232:4}

Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum C {232:3}

Brownish Twistwing (Flycatcher) Cnipodectes subbrunneus U {234:1} Large flycatcher. Red-eyed. With rufous brown tail. Shaggy headed appearance. "tik tk tk pee-EWW pee-EWW pew."

Olivaceous Flatbill Rhynchocyclus olivaceus C {234:2} Greens and yellows, dark eyed. "wee wee weE WEEE WEE whi chit." Climbing wee's with chatter at the end. Sometimes squeaky.

Zimmer's (Yellow-margined) Flycatcher Tolmomyias assimilis C {236:2} Gray headed and gray eyed, green yellow body. "zhree zhreeee, zhreee zhreee" raspy whistles.

Yellow-olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens U {236:1}

Yellow-breasted (Olive-faced) Flycatcher (Flatbill) Tolmomyias flaviventris  U {234:4} Very yellow breasted. No gray on head. Dark eyed. "TSWEET TSWEET" notes. Sometimes lower buildup to these sharper notes.

Golden-crowned Spadebill Platyrinchus coronatus U {236:5} High pitched rising trill "tieee-e-e-E-E-e-e-ipp".

Royal Flycatcher Onychorhynchus coronatus U {234:5} "PEE-yuk" mostly as the call note repeated.

Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher Terenotriccus erythrurus C {236:6} "Pee-heww." Faint whistle, wheezy.

Black-tailed Flycatcher Myiobius atricaudus U {238:2} Weak "tsipp" notes mainly.

Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher Myiobius sulphureipygius U {238:1}

Bran-colored Flycatcher Myiophobus fasciatus U {238:4}

Black-billed Flycatcher Aphanotriccus audax U {232:5} Explosive 'FWEEE dididideww.'

Tufted Flycatcher Mitrephanes phaeocercus U {238:5}

Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus borealis M {240:1}

Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus M {240:4}

Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens M {240:3}

Tropical Pewee Contopus cinereus U {240:5}

Acadian Flycatcher Empidonax virescens M {242:2}

Willow (Traill's) Flycatcher Empidonax traillii M {242:3}

Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum M {242:4}

Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans U {244:4}

Pied Water-Tyrant Fluvicola pica C {244:6}

Cattle Tyrant Machetornis rixosa  R {246:2}

Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus U {246:1}

Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus C {246:3}

Rufous Mourner Rhytipterna holerythra U {246:5}

Sirystes (Flycatcher) Sirystes sibilator U {246:4} Gray body, dark head and dark wings and dark tail. Like a sharply marked Myiarchus. "p'Wheer pEee puuu." Last two notes like a squeaky toy.

Panama Flycatcher Myiarchus panamensis C {248:2}

Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer C {248:1} The classic "wEee-urrr."

Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus M {248:3}

Lesser Kiskadee Philohydor lictor C {248:4}

Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus  C {248:5}

Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarhynchus pitangua C {252:1}

Rusty-margined Flycatcher Myiozetetes cayanensis C {250:1}

Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis C {250:2}

Gray-capped Flycatcher Myiozetetes granadensis C {250:3}

White-ringed Flycatcher Myiozetetes luteiventris U {250:4}

Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris M {252:5}

Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus C {252:4}

Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius M {254:1} "weeEE-eee" interspersed with "we wee wee wee weeep".

Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana C {256:3}

Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus M {254:4}

Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus A {254:2}

COTINGAS COTINGIDAE (3)

Purple-throated Fruitcrow Querula purpurata  C {264:4} "Coow uhh   cooow uh   cowww uhh" repeated.

Blue Cotinga Cotinga nattererii C {264:3}

Rufous Piha Lipaugus unirufus U {258:3} 

MANAKINS PIPRIDAE (5)

Golden-headed Manakin Pipra erythrocephala  C {270:5} Females pale beaked and brown eyed. Buzzy "Djewww and whee-ewww." Song longer, "weeew sweeee chit chit," and combinations.

Blue-crowned Manakin Lepidothrix coronata  C {270:4} Females red eyed and yellow bellied. "swee kuh-WUERRTT" froglike, three notes.

Red-capped Manakin Ceratopipra mentalis  C {270:6} 

Golden-collared Manakin Manacus vitellinus  C {268:4}

Green Manakin Xenopipo holochlora  R {268:1} Straight plain green in both sexes. Longer tailed than some of the female manakins of other species. Notes "Twueee      twueee     twueeeee."

TITYRAS AND ALLIES (8)

Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata  C {262:3}

Black-crowned Tityra Tityra inquisitor  C {262:4} Call more woodpecker-like and squeaky.

Russet-winged Schiffornis Schiffornis stenorhyncha  U {258:1}

Speckled Mourner Laniocera rufescens  R {258:4}

Cinereous Becard Pachyramphus castaneus U {260:2}

White-winged Becard Pachyramphus polychopterus  U {260:4} Males all black bellied with white wingbars and tail accents. "Tuu tu tu tuu tu tu tuu twoo." Musical and whistled.

Cinnamon Becard Pachyramphus cinnamomeus  C {260:3}

One-colored Becard Pachyramphus homochrous  U {262:2}

VIREOS AND GREENLETS VIREONIDAE (6)

Green Shrike-Vireo Vireolanius pulchellus  U {239:3}

Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis M {274:4} Calls rapid paced compared to R-EV. But variable. Red-eyed, Philadelphia and Yellow-throated all migrants in the area.

Scrub Greenlet Hylophilus flavipes U {276:1}

Golden-fronted Greenlet Hylophilus aurantiifrons  U {276:3}

Lesser Greenlet Hylophilus decurtatus  C {276:4}

Tawny-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus ochraceiceps  U {276:2} Tawny crown and pale eye. A clear descending whistle "heeeeuuu," most often.

CROWS AND JAYS CORVIDAE

Black-chested Jay Cyanocorax affinis C {280:1}

SWALLOWS AND MARTINS HIRUNDINIDAE (9)

Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera  M {286:5}

Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea C {286:3} Much like our Purple Martin in appearance and voice. Slightly higher pitched than Purple. Also a rolling descending "tree tre tree treee tree deww dew dew."

Mangrove Swallow Tachycineta albilinea C {282:2}

Blue-and-White Swallow Notiochelidon cyanoleuca M {282:5}

Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis C {284:3}

WRENS TROGLODYTIDAE (10)

White-headed Wren Campylorhynchus albobrunneus C {288:1} Crazed electric popcorn call.

Rufous-breasted Wren Pheugopedius rutilus C {292:1}

Black-bellied Wren Pheugopedius fasciatoventris C {290:1} Multi noted 'whoo cheer whoo doit.' And variations.

Stripe-throated Wren Cantorchilus leucopogon U {290:4} 'Wheet err deet    wheet err deet.'

Bay Wren Cantorchilus nigricapillus C {290:2}

Buff-breasted Wren Thryothorus leucotis C {292:3} Muted pale face, rufous body, wings and tail. Characteristic "psst Tcheww tcheww     psstt tcheww tcheww."

Southern House Wren Troglodytes musculus C {294:2}

White-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucosticta C {294:5} Short tailed, strong black and white head pattern.

Scaly-breasted (Southern Nightingale) Wren Microcerculus marginatus U {296:2} Dull dark brown upper. Walks and teeters hind end. Whistles single notes, up-down, in and out of tune, variable pauses like it has sometimes lost the melody or the reason for singing. Series sometimes going for two minutes or more. 

Song Wren Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus C {296:3}

GNATWRENS AND GNATCATCHERS POLIOPTILIDAE

Tawny-faced Gnatwren Microbates cinereiventris U {298:1} Red face patch, white throat and long bill.

Long-billed Gnatwren Ramphocaenus melanurus C {298:2} Plain gray-brown with no face contrast.

Tropical Gnatcatcher Polioptila plumbea C {298:3}

Slate-throated Gnatcatcher Polioptila schistacegula  R {298:4}

DONACOBIUS DONACOBIIDAE

Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius atricapillus U {288:1} "Whoop whoop whoop whoo-iit whoo-iittt," vaguely cardinal like with some screeching subtext.

THRUSHES TURDIDAE (4)

Clay-colored Thrush Turdus grayi C {304:4} Only Turdus. Three North American migrants in the area at appropriate time.

WARBLERS PARULIDAE (2+16)

Tropical Parula Setophaga pitiayumi M {312:2} 16 NA migrants also in area during migration time.

Buff-rumped Warbler Basileuterus fulvicauda  C {330:4}

TANAGERS, DACNIS & HONEYCREEPERS THRAUPIDAE (26+1+3)

Bananaquit Coereba flaveola C {293:5}

White-eared Conebill Conirostrum leucogenys  U {332:1} 

Yellow-backed Tanager Hemithraupis flavicollis  R {334:2} Males dark backed with yellow throat and yellow rump.

Black-and-yellow Tanager Chrysothlypis chrysomelas  U {334:4} 

Dusky-faced Tanager Mitrospingus cassinii  U {336:2} 

Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata  C {336:3} 

Sulphur-rumped Tanager Heterospingus rubrifrons  U {336:4} 

Scarlet-browed Tanager Heterospingus xanthopygius  U {336:5} Both sexes yellow rumped. Male with scarlet brow line.

Tawny-crested Tanager Tachyphonus delatrii U {338:2}  Red orange crest. Brown females.

White-shouldered Tanager Tachyphonus luctuosus C {338:1}

White-lined Tanager Tachyphonus rufus U {338:3}

Flame-rumped Tanager Ramphocelus flammigerus C {340:4}

Crimson-backed Tanager Ramphocelus dimidiatus C {340:1}

Blue-gray Tanager Thraupis episcopus C {342:1}

Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum C {342:2}

Gray-and-gold Tanager Tangara palmeri R {342:5}

Plain-colored Tanager Tangara inornata C {342:4}

Golden-hooded Tanager Tangara larvata C {346:3}

Rufous-winged Tanager Tangara lavinia R {344:5} Like a Bay-headed with rufous wings.

Bay-headed Tanager Tangara gyrola  U {344:4}

Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana C {346:5}

Scarlet-thighed Dacnis Dacnis venusta U {346:4}

Green Honeycreeper Chlorophanes spiza U {348:1}

Shining Honeycreeper Cyanerpes lucidus U {348:2}

Purple Honeycreeper Cyanerpes caeruleus U {348:3}

Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus C {348:4} Strong blue crown and black back mark with red legs compared to Purple.

Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus C {350:4} "Tsee tsee peer puhr see you." And variations.

Streaked Saltator Saltator striatipectus C {350:2}

Slate-colored (Slaty) Grosbeak Saltator grossus U {352:2}

FINCHES AND SPARROWS EMBERIZIDAE (10)

Blue-black Grassquit Volatinia jacarina  C {352:3}

Variable Seedeater Sporophila corvina  C {354:1}

Ruddy-breasted Seedeater Sporophila minuta  C {354:5}

Yellow-bellied Seedeater Sporophila nigricollis C {354:4}

Slate-colored Seedeater Sporophila schistacea  U {352:4}

Large-billed Seed-Finch Oryzoborus crassirostris  U {356:2}  With a very pale bill in both sexes.

Thick-billed Seed-Finch Oryzoborus funereus  C {356:3} Black beaked in both sexes.

Yellow-faced Grassquit Tiaris olivaceous  U {356:4}

Orange-billed Sparrow Arremon aurantiirostris  U  {360:3}

Black-striped Sparrow Arremonops conirostris  C  {362:1}

CARDINALS AND ALLIES CARDINALIDAE (9)

Red-crowned Ant-Tanager Habia rubica  U {366:3}

Red-throated Ant-Tanager Habia fuscicauda C {366:4}

Carmiol's Tanager Chlorothraupis carmioli  U {368:1}

Blue-black Grosbeak Cyanocompsa cyanoides C {370:2}

ORIOLES, OROPENDOLAS & BLACKBIRDS ICTERIDAE (17)

Yellow-hooded Blackbird Chrysomus icterocephalus R {374:3}

Red-breasted Meadowlark Sturnella militaris C {374:2} Distinct, red breast plate.

Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis  C {376:3}

Giant Cowbird Scaphidura oryzivora  C {376:1}

Yellow-backed Oriole Icterus chrysater C {378:1}

Yellow-tailed Oriole Icterus mesomelas C {378:5}

Orange-crowned Oriole Icterus auricapillus U {378:4}

Yellow-billed Cacique Amblycercus holosericeus  U {380:2}

Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela  C {380:4} Yellow shoulder marks and yellow rump and tail base. Voice like a chatty parrot tormenting a monkey with a taser. And imitates parrots themselves.

Scarlet-rumped Cacique Cacicus uropygialis C {380:3}

Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus C {382:1}Mostly blackish, like a giant Cacique. "glug e-e-e-e-e-e-e Bop" central tones like someone working the teeth of a comb. Impressive call.

Chestnut-headed Oropendola Psarocolius wagleri C {382:2}

Black Oropendola Psarocolius guatimozinus U {382:4}

SISKINS AND ALLIES FRINGILLIDAE (7)

Yellow-crowned Euphonia Euphonia luteicapilla  C {384:1}

Orange-bellied Euphonia Euphonia xanthogaster  R {388:1} Dark throated males.

White-vented Euphonia Euphonia minuta  U {386:4} Yellow cap only back to eyes (half cap) and dark throated males.

Thick-billed Euphonia Euphonia laniirostris  C {384:2} Males same pattern as OBE but in yellow. Bill distinctly bigger in both sexes.

Fulvous-vented Euphonia Euphonia fulvicrissa  U {386:1}

Tawny-capped Euphonia Euphonia anneae U {386:5}

Lesser Goldfinch Spinus saltria U {388:5}