Eastern Sphecid Related Wasps

Working list of the possible Eastern Sphecid wasps with new families, subfamilies, tribes and subtribes noted. (See this paper from the wasp man, Pulawski, with some reordering of the family groups. I am working on shuffling the list around based on this update.)

Otherwise taken from combined sources including the internet and the impressive but slightly outdated Sphecid Wasps of the World from Bohart and Menke. Ranges are spotty with states and regions listed for known occurrences. These are now updated to literature references from the Catalog update mentioned below. I have no lists of confirmed Arkansas species as of yet. Species will be removed when I have information narrowing the ranges. "Nea" refers to number of species listed for all of North America at the excellent Nearctica insect list.

And here is the updated Sphecid Wasp Catalog from the California Academy of Sciences (covers the entire globe but it is more UTD). Presently there are about 1400 species in North America. Habits and identifying characteristics given where known. Prey choice of species and groups marked in red where known from various sources.

AMPULICIDAE

Ampulicini

Ampulex (2 Nea) (Uses cockroaches, nymphal, one per cell, pulls prey by antennae bases; nests in twigs, stems and borings; Krombein traps; partitions of leaves and grass)

            canaliculata Say 1823 (CT MI MO NC PA WV) (July to Sept in NC)

            ferruginea Bradley 1934 (TX only)

Dolichurini

Dolichurus (1 Nea) (Uses cockroaches; nests in stems and crevices)

            greenei Rohwer 1916 (FL MI NC VA)

SPHECIDAE

Ammophilini

Podalonia (19 Nea) (Uses Noctuid larvae from soil, searches over soil and then digs; captures prey first, stashes and dig sometimes twenty feet away; caterpillars carried venter up by mandibles over ground; late summer and early fall females may be found in mass clusters in crevices)

            luctuosa (F. Smith) 1856 (CO MI NE NC TX UT) (1 Noctuid per cell) (body black with a faint bluish tinge)

            valida (Cresson) 1865 (CA CO NE TX)

            violaceipennis (Lepeletier) 1845 (FL MA MD MI NC ND PA) (abdomen partly reddish)

Eremnophila (1 Nea) (Uses large caterpillars mostly of Notodontidae; carries venter up over ground by mandibles)

            aureonotata (Cameron) 1888 (FL MD MI NY NC TX WV)

Ammophila (62 Nea) Caterpillar hunters (Uses Lepidopterous and Hymenopterous [sawfly] caterpillars; dig nests first; carries prey head first, venter up with mandibles and sometimes front pair of legs; often flies with prey)

            evansi Menke 1964 (CT MI NC NY) (uses loamy soil among vegetation)

            extremitata Cresson 1865 (CA CT IL ID NE)

            gracilis Lepeletier 1845 (MD TX)

            harti (Fernald) 1931 (CO IL MI MO NE NY WY) (sand dunes and blowouts; 7 familes of Geometrid; 5-12 items per cell)

            kennedyi (Murray) 1865 (CA CO CT IL MA MI NE NM NY TX) (close to urnaria)

            leoparda (Fernald) 1934 (GA MI MN) (uncommon)

            nigricans Dahlbom 1843 (IL KS MI NE SC NC NY PA) (sandy clay soils)

            pictipennis Walsh 1869 (CO IL IA KS MD MI MO NC NJ NY TX) (shallow unicellular nests; uses Noctuid larvae in Michigan)

            placida F. Smith 1856 (CA FL MA MI NY)

            procera Dahlbom 1843 (AZ CA CO CT FL ID IL IA KS MD MI MO NE NC TX MN UT)

            urnaria Dahlbom 1843 (CO CT FL IL MD MI MN NE NY PA SC VA TX WV) (waste areas and gravel pits; uses Geometrids and Noctuids in Michigan)

            varipes Cresson 1865 (IA NE NM TX)

Chloriontini

Chlorion (2 Nea) (Uses Gryllids, up to seven per nest)

            aerarium Patton 1879 (AR CT FL KS MA MI NC TX)

            cyaneum Dahlbom 1843 (CO GA IL MI MO NE NC TX)

Sceliphrini

Subtribe Sceliphina

Chalybion (2 Nea) (Uses spiders; nests in holes in wood; sometimes takes over mud nests of others; carries water to dirt to make usable mud)

            californicum (de Saussure) 1763 (CA CO CT FL KS MI NM NE NC OH OK PA SC TX UT WV)

            zimmermanni zimmermanni Dahlbom 1843 (AZ IN NC SC TX) (seals nest with white material)

Sceliphron (2 Nea) (Uses spiders, favors Argiopidae; makes globular mud nests)

            caementarium (Drury) 1770 (AR CA CO CT FL LA MD MI NE NC NY PA TX UT VA)

Subtribe Podiina

Podium (3 Nea) (Uses Cockroaches; nests in wood chambers or bark; prey is held in mandibles)

            fulvipes Cresson 1865 (FL only)

            krombeini Bohart and Menke 1963 (TX only)

            luctuosum F. Smith 1856 (DC FL LA MD MI NC NY TX) (Krombein with only one nest in his entire study)

            rufipes Fabr. 1804 (FL MI MO NC TN TX) (complex nest closure; 3-14 per cell)

Sphecini (Use Tettigonids)

Subtribe Sphecina

Isodontia (6 Nea) (Uses Gryllids or Tettigonidae; nests in hollow stems, rolled leaves; cuts grass for closures)

            apicalis (F. Smith) 1856 (FL IL NC TX) (Tettigonids)

            auripes (Fernald) 1906 (FL MA MI MD MO NC PA SC TN TX) (grass) (Gryllids 9-18 per cell, common brood chamber) (three toothed mandible, yellow legs)

            azteca (de Saussure) 1867 (FL MI NC)

            elegans (F. Smith) 1856 (CA NE TX)

            exornata Fernald 1903 (FL GA NC)

            mexicana (de Saussure) 1867 (FL GA IL KS MI MO NE NY NC PA TN TX) (grass) (Gryllids and Tettigonids) (known to use Pitcher Plants for nests in SE)

            philadelphica (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau) 1845 (CO KS MA NC PA TX) (Tettigonids)

Sphex (13 Nea) (Use one species of katydid per wasp species; ground nesters, gregarious, repeat site users)

            ashmeadi (Fernald) 1906 (AZ CA TX)

            dorsalis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau 1845 (FL TX)

            flavovestitus F. Smith 1856 (FL GA NC VA TX)

            habenus Say 1831 (FL LA NC TX VA)

            ichneumoneus (Linnaeus) 1758 (AZ CA FL ID IL KS LA MA MD MI MO NE NC NY OH TX UT)

            (abdomen and legs red or reddish, wings subhyaline)

            lucae de Saussure 1867 (AZ CA NE TX)

            nudus Fernald 1903 (IL MD NC SC TN TX) (bright orange-red legs beyond mid-femur on all legs)

            pensylvanicus Linnaeus 1763 (CT FL IL KS MA MD MI NE NC NY TX ) (black legs and abdomen, wings blackish)

            texanus Cresson 1873 (TX only)

Subtribe Prionyxina

Palmodes (10 Nea) (Uses Tettagonids; all western except dimidiatus; carries prey holding one antennae by straddling and pulling over ground)

            dimidiatus (De Geer) 1773 (CA FL KS MI NC PA TX) (temp nest closures, single provisions, nest excavated first)

Prionyx (7 Nea) (Uses only Acridids, obtains prey first, then stashes and digs nest, holds prey by antennae with mandibles)

            atratus  (Lepeletier) 1845 (CO KS MI MO MT NE ND NM NY NC TX UT WY) (uses single grasshopper) (dark brown or black abdomen)

            parkeri Bohart & Menke 1963 (AZ CO NC TX WY) (red abdomen)

            thomae (Fabricius) 1775 (CA CO FL GA MA MI MS NM NC TX) (red abdomen)

CRABRONIDAE

ASTATINAE

Astata (14 Nea) (Uses Heteroptera, Pentatomids; very fast flight)

            bicolor Say 1823 (AR CA CT KS NC NM NE NY TX) (abdomen red)

            leuthstromi Ashmead 1897 (CO ID NY VA WV WI)

            nubecula Cresson 1865 (CA CO ID NY NE ND UT WV)

            occidentalis Cresson 1881 (ID NV TX VA WA) (3-6 per cell)

            unicolor Say 1824 (CT IA MD NY NM NC TX VA) (abdomen black)

Dryudella (10 Nea, essentially western genus) (Uses Heteroptera)

            pernix F. Parker 1969 (TX)

BEMBICINAE

Alyssontini

Alysson (8 Nea) (Uses Homoptera - leafhoppers; nests in moist cool sites, sandy soil, gregarious)

            conicus Provancher (West NA)

            flavomaculatus Cameron (US)

            guignardi Provancher (Transcont)

            melleus Say (TX FL NC East) (3-23 per cell)

            triangulifera Provancher (East)

            oppositus Say (East NC)

            triangulifer triangulifer Provancher (MD KY CO NC East)

Didineis (7 Nea)

            latimana Malloch and Rohwer 1930 (US)

            texana Cresson (NC East)

Bembicini (Fly hunters)

Subtribe Bembicina

Bembix (19 Nea) (Serial feeders, Bembix females sometimes steal from each other)

            americana spinolae Lepeletier (NA except Pac) (favors Muscidae)

            belfragei Cresson (NC SCen)

            cinerea Handlirsch (NC East and W to TX)

            hinei Parker (TX LA sea beaches SCen)

            nubilipennis Cresson (CO C SW)

            pruinosa Fox (East, sand) (NC)

            sayi Cresson (UT US) (favors Tabanidae)

            texana Cresson (NC SE S) (favors Tabanidae)

Bicyrtes (8 Nea) (Uses Pentatomids - stinkbugs)

            capnoptera Handlirsch (UT NC US)

            fodiens (Handl.) (TX NC East to SW)

            insidiatrix Handlirsch 1889 (E S)

            quadrifasciata (Say) (TX NC East) (favors Coreidae; 4-14 per cell) (18mm wasp)

            ventralis (Say) (TX NC US) – (Holds prey upside down by middle legs) (metanotom with yellow spots)

Glenostictia (19 Nea) (Progressive provisioners)

            pictifrons Smith (NC E S) (Uses Bombylid flies)

Microbembex (8 Nea)

            monodonta (Say) (East NC)

Stictia (3 Nea) (Uses Diptera esp. Horseflies)

            carolina (Fabricius) (TX FL NC SE to NM) (sometimes hovers around horses for its prey, sandy riverside soil in my area)

Stictiella (18 Nea)

            emarginata (Cresson) (US)

            formosa Cresson (favors Libytheidae; up to 11 per cell)

            serrata Handlirsch (NC East) (Uses adult moths and butterflies)

Subtribe Exeirina

Clitemnestra (1 Nea) (Uses Hemiptera; nests in sandy soil)

            bipunctata (Say) (FL NC US)

Subtribe Gorytina

Argogorytes (2 Nea)

            nigrifrons (F. Smith) (NC NA)

Gorytes (16 Nea)

            atricornis Packard (TX NA)

            deceptor Krombien (TX East)

            dorothyae Krombein (FL East)

            mcateei Krombein and Bohart 1962 (East)

            simillimus Smith (NC NA)

Oryttus (5 Nea)

            gracilis Patton (East)

Psammaletes (3 Nea)

            mexicanus (Cameron) (TX East)

Pseudoplisus (19 Nea)

            apicalis Smith (US)

            divisus Smith (TX NC East)

            smithii Cresson (TX NC Central)

            phaleratus (Say) (TX NC NA)

            venustus Cresson (NC Central)

Hoplisoides (17 Nea) (Uses Homoptera)

            confertus Fox (NA)

            costalis Cresson (NA)

            denticulatus Packard (NC NA)

            placidus nebulosus (Packard) (East TX)

Subtribe Handlirschiina

Sphecius (4 Nea)

            grandis (Say) 1823 (AR NV TX)

            hogardii (Latreille) 1806 (FL only)

            speciosus (Drury) (AR CO FL KS MD MO NE NY NC PA TX) (uses Cicadidae; 1-4 per cell)

Tanyoprymnus (1 Nea)

            moneduloides (Packard) (TX NC NA)

Subtribe Stizina

Bembecinus (6 Nea)

            nanus (NC E C) (favors Dictyopharidae; 3 per cell)

Stizoides (2 Nea) (kleptoparasite of wasps in Prionyx which also take grasshoppers)

            renicinctus Say (UT NC NA)

Stizus (5 Nea)

            brevipennis Walsh (NC East)

Nyssonini (50 NA spp) (Kleptoparasites of Gorytini and Larrini)

Epinysson (12 Nea) (Parasites of Hoplisoides)

            mellipes Cresson (NC US)

            metathoracicus Smith (C to SW)

            opulentus Gerstaecker (NC US)

Hyponysson (2 Nea)

            raui Rohwer (S SE)

Nysson (23 Nea) (Kleptoparasites of Gorytes)

            daeckei Viereck 1904 (East)

            fidelis Cresson 1882 (US)

            gagates Bradley 1920 (US)

            laterale Packard 1867 (US)

            simplicicornis Fox 1896 (NA)

            subtilis Fox (TX NA)

            trichrus (Mickel) (TX East)

Synnevrus (5 Nea)

            aurinotus Say 1837 (East)

            plagiatus (Cresson) (TX US)

Zanysson (3 Nea) (Parasitic on Tachytes)

            plesia Rohwer (NC US)

            texanus (Cresson) (TX US)

CRABRONINAE

Bothynostethini

Subtribe Bothynostethina

Bothynostethus (1 Nea) (Uses Chrysomelids; remodels tunnels)

            distinctus W. Fox 1891 (CO FL KS NJ NC) (4-9 per cell)

Crabronini (Provision nest with various groups as below; impaled on the sting)

Subtribe Anacrabronina

Anacrabro (1 Nea) (Carries prey with mid and hind legs; nectars at Umbels, Composites)

            ocellatus Packard 1866 (DC FL IL KS MD NE NY NC TX) (uses Miridae; 4-9 per cell)

Entomognathus (4 Nea)

            arenivagus Krombein 1963 (FL NC)

            lenapeorum Viereck 1904 (KS MD NJ PA VA)

            memorialis Banks 1921 (KS MD NJ VA) (uses Chrysomelids; 3-9 per cell)

            texanus Cresson 1887 (KS OK PA TX)

Subtribe Crabronina

Crabro (46 Nea) (Holds prey venter up, beneath body by middle legs)

            advena Smith (East TX) (Uses cluster flies)

            aequalis Fox (NC East)

            argusinus Bohart (NC US) (favors Ephydridae; 5-92 per cell)

            cingulatus (Packard) (NC C East)

            cognatus Fox (NC all except Pac)

            cribellifer Packard (East)

            henrici Krombein 1951 (East)

            hilaris Smith (NC C East)

            largior Fox (W SD Transcon)

            latipes Smith (Transcont)

            monticola (Packard) (East) (Nests in aggregations)

            snowii Fox 1896 (East)

            tenuiglossa Packard 1866 (C East)

            tumidus (Packard) (TX NC C East)

            vernalis Packard (N Transc)

Crossocerus (30 Nea) (Uses small Diptera; carries prey venter up by midlegs; nests in sandy or clay soil)

            annulipes (Lepeletier and Brulle) 1835 (MD NC WV) (Uses leafhoppers; 14-30 per cell; nests in stumps or wood)

            arnoldi Leclerq and Miller 2000 (VA)

            barbipes (Dahlbom) 1845 (CO NC SD TN WA WV WY)

            elongatulus (Vander Linden) 1829 (CT MA PA)

            harringtonii (W. Fox) 1895 (MD NM WV)

            impressifrons (Smith) (TX FL NC E)

            lentus Fox (East NC)

            maculiclypeus Fox (NM KS PA NC W C)

            minimus (Packard) (TX NC SD Transc)

            nigricornis Provancher (NC TN NE Transc)

            nitidiventris Fox (NC E)

            planipes Fox (CA GA Transc)

            similis (Fox) (TX E)

            tarsalis Fox 1895 (Transc)

            wesmaeli Vander Linden 1829 (Palearctic)

Ectemnius (27 Nea) (Uses adult Diptera; nests in decayed wood, twigs)

            arcuatus Say 1837 (Nearctic)

            atriceps Cresson (NC Nearctic)

            cephalotes Olivier 1792 (East)

            continuus Fabricius (N NC Holarctic)

            decemmaculatus (Say) (TX MN NC East)

            dilectus Cresson (NC IL Nearctic)

            dives Lepeletier and Brulle (MN West Holarctic)

            lapidarius Panzer (N NC Holarctic)

            maculosus Gmelin (NC East)

            paucimaculatus Packard 1866 (TX to NY) (favors Ephydridae; 7-31 per cell)

            rufifemur Packard 1866 (Nearctic)

            ruficornis Zetterstedt (N NC Holarctic)

            rufipes Lepeletier and Brulle (MN FL NC East)

            scaber (Lepeletier & Brulle) (TX FL NC East)

            stirpicola Packard (NC East)

            trifasciatus Say 1824 (MN US)

Enoplolindenius (2 Nea)

            robertsoni (Rohwer) (TX East)

Lestica (3 Nea)

            confluenta (Say) (TX IL)

            producticollis (Packard) (TX NC)

Lindenius (10 Nea)

            armaticeps (W. Fox) 1895 (CO NE NC NY TX VA) (uses Chloropidae; 3-15 per cell)

            buccadentis Mickel 1908 (AR NE NC NY VA WY)

            columbianus (Kohl) 1892 (NE NC NM NY PA WA WY)

            latifrons (W. Fox) 1895 (NC TX)

Moniaecera (5 Nea) (Uses Cicadellids; ground nester)

            abdominalis (W. Fox) 1895 (AZ GA KS NM TX)

            texana LeClerq 2003 (TX)

Rhopalum (7 Nea) (Uses small Diptera; nests in twigs, reeds)

            atlanticum R. Bohart 1974 (GA)

            clavipes (Linnaeus) 1758 (NY)

            coarctatum (Scopoli) 1763 (WV)

            occidentalis (W. Fox) 1895 (NC NY NV)

            pedicellatum Packard 1867 (CO CT NC NY OH WI)

            rufigaster Packard 1867 (DC IL NC PA TX)

LARRINAE (230 NA spp)

Subtribe Gastrosericina

Larropsis (24 Nea) (Uses Gryllids; males often found near gopher or rabbit holes)

            consimilis (W. Fox) 1894 (KS TX)

            discreta (W. Fox) 1894 (GA)

            distincta (F. Smith) 1856 (CT IA KS MA NE NC NY PA)

            elegans Bohart and Bohart 1966 (TX only)

            filicornis Rohwer 1911 (NE TX)

            greenei Rohwer 1917 (NJ)

            sericea Bohart and Bohart 1966 (TX only)

            shappirioi Bohart and Bohart 1962 (DC)

            sparsa Bohart and Bohart 1966 (TX only)

            texensis Bohart and Bohart 1966 (TX only)

Tachysphex (76 Nea) (Uses Orthoptera; digs nest first, throwing soil out behind them in a stream; one-celled nests; grasps prey by antennae, legs assist)

            acutus (Patton) 1881 (CT KS MN NC NE NY WV WI) (abdomen black or only apically red)

            antennatus W. Fox 1894 (CA FL KS NE NC TX WI) (wings clear except apically, abdominal segments 1-3 reddish brown)

            apicalis W. Fox  1893 (CA CO CT FL KS NC NM ND SC TX WI) (apex of abdomen red, dense silvery pubescence, F 9-11mm)

            belfragei (Cresson) 1873 (FL KS NE NC NY TX) (tibia and tarsi reddish, apex of pygidium reddish, F 9-10mm)

            crassiformis Viereck 1906 (CA FL KS NC TX) (abdomen reddish, distal tarsi reddish)

            krombeini Kurczewski 1971 (FL only)

            krombeiniellus Pulawski 1982 (FL only)

            laevifrons (L. Smith) 1856 (FL KS NC TX)

            maurus Rohwer 1911 (TX only)

            mundus W. Fox 1894 (CO IL NC NE MT TX)

            pechumani Krombein 1938 (IN NJ)

            pompiliformis (Panzer) 1805 (CO CT KS NE OR)

            punctifrons (W. Fox) 1891 (CO FL MN MT NE NC TX)

            scopaeus Pulawski 1988 (TX only)

            similis Rohwer 1910 (FL MD MN NC NY SC TX VA WI)

            tarsatus (Say) 1823 (AR CA CO CT KS MA MN NE NY NJ NC PA TX WI WY) (abdomen entirely red or red and black)

            terminatus (F. Smith) 1856 (KS MA NE NM NC NY PA SC VA WI) (uses Acrids, 3-7 per cell) (abdomen black with red apex)

            texanus (Cresson) 1873 (CA KS NE NC TX WI) (wings clear, abdomen all red)

            utina Pulawski 1988 (FL only)

Tachytes (34 Nea) (Uses Orthopterans; nests in preexisting holes in soil, rodent burrows, old or active Sphecius burrows; mounded soil at site; many-celled nests; pushes out soil with abdomen; prey flown to nest, carried by antennae)

            abdominalis (Say) 1823 (AR ID KS NM NC TX) (abdominal segments 1 and 2 or 1 to 3 ferruginous, abd with four pale golden fasciae)

            amazonus F. Smith 1856 (FL KS NE NC TX WI) (wings nearly clear, pygidium bright golden, abd. variably red with golden fasciae)

            auricomans Bradley 1919 (GA NE)

            aurulentus (Fabricius) 1804 (FL CO CT KS MD NE NC PA TX VA WI)

            badius Banks 1942 (TX only)

            birkmanni Rohwer 1909 (AZ TX)

            chrysopyga obscurus Cresson 1873 (AZ KS MD MO NE NC TX) (Abdomen with four silvery fasciae, F 13-14mm)

            columbiae W. Fox 1892 (NC NE DC)

            crassus Patton 1880 (CO CT DC MD NC NE WI) (Uses Katydids) (abdomen black with three dorsal silver bands)

            cressoni Banks 1942 (TX only)

            desertus Bohart 1994 (TX only)

            distinctus F Smith 1856 (CA CO GA KS NC NM PA TX UT) (Uses mostly genus Melanopli in KS)

(legs mostly ferruginous, three silvery fasciae on abdomen, 15-22mm)

            floridanus Rohwer 1920 (FL NC TX)

            grisselli Bohart 1994 (FL only)

            harpax Patton 1880 (CT KS NC NE PA WI) (Uses genus Xiphidium in KS) (thorax with grayish pubescence)

            intermedius (Viereck) 1906 (DC FL KS MD NC NE NY TX) (Uses Pygmy mole crickets; 2-6 per cell)

            mergus W. Fox 1892 (AZ FL KS MO NJ NC TX WI) (wings clear, F 9mm)

            obductus W. Fox 1892 (FL KS MO NC NY TN TX) (pygidium with fine bright golden pile, abd segments 1-5 brassy or silver fasciate, F 10.5mm)

            parvus W. Fox 1892 (AZ FL ID NC NE NJ NY)

            pennsylvanicus Banks 1921 (PA NC TX)

            pepticus (Say) 1837 (CO ID IL IN KS MO NE NC TX WI) (tarsi largely ferruginous, abdomen with four silvery fasciae, F 13-16mm)

            praedator W. Fox 1892 (NC TX VA) (Uses Katydids; nocturnal excavators)

            sayi Banks 1942 (CO ID TX WY)

            seminole Banks 1942 (FL only)

            validus Cresson 1873 (CO FL KS MI NE NC NY NJ TX WI) (Uses Katydids; 1-5 per cell)

(head and thorax pale golden, abdomen with four silvery fasciae, legs yellow-ferruginous, F 18-22mm)

            werneri Bohart 1994 (AZ TX)

Subtribe Larrina

Larra (1 Nea) (Uses mole crickets; ground nesters; uses head and forelegs as scrapers; egg laid on cricket and released)

            analis Fabricius 1804 (FL GA KS NE NC TX)

            bicolor Fabricius 1804 (FL)

            dives (Lepeletier) 1845 (NC)

Liris (16 Nea) (Uses Gryllidae; carries prey by antennae; constructs nest or borrows site; does not pack closure)

            argentatus (Beauvois) 1811 (CA CO CT FL KS MD NE NC NY PA TX VA WV)

            beatus (Cameron) 1889 (CA NC NM NY TX)

            muspa Pate 1943 (FL TX)

            panamensis muesebeki (Krombein) 1954 (FL only)

            partitus Krombein and Shanks 1984 (TX ony)

Miscophini

Lyroda (2 Nea) (Uses Orthoptera; carried by antennae; serial feeders; ground nesters and preexisting burrows)

            subita Say 1837 (CO CT ID IN KS MD NY NC PA TX UT VA) (Gryllids; favors genus Nemobius; 1-7 per cell)

(wings hyaline, apex dusky)

            triloba Say 1837 (CT KS TX) (wings very dark fuscous)

Miscophus (15 Nea) (Uses spiders)

            americanus W. Fox 1890 (FL MD NE NJ NY NC PA VA)

            slossanae barberi (Krombein) 1954 (FL only)

            texanus (Ashmead) 1898 (TX only)

Plenoculus (15 Nea Mostly CA and SW) (Uses Miridae; nests in sandy soil; entrance open)

            cockerelli W. Fox 1894 (AZ CA NM TX)

            davisi W. Fox 1893 (AZ CA CO KS MO MT NE NY PA WI)

            davisi atlanticus Viereck 1902 (CT NC)

            gillaspyi Krombein 1938 (TX only)

Solierella (49 Nea) (Uses Hemiptera; cavity nester and twig and stem nester; nests closed with pebbles and grass)

            foxii (Viereck) 1902 (NJ)

            inermis (Cresson) 1873 (FL IL KS NC TX)

            nigrans (Krombein) 1909 (CO WV)

            peckhami (Ashmead) 1897 (CA FL KS NY OR)

            plenoculoides (W. Fox) 1893 (CO GA SC NE NY WV) (Uses small grasshoppers)

            pulawskii R. Bohart 1991 (TX only)

            vierecki Rohwer 1909 (CA CO TX)

Oxybelini

Belomicrus (40 Nea) (Uses bee flies and Myrids; nests in sandy soils)

            bridwelli Pate 1940 (FL TN VA)

            potawatomi Pate 1947 (IA)

Oxybelus (41 Nea) (Uses Dipterids esp. Muscoidea; prey impaled on sting or held by middle legs; nests in sandy soil; loose aggregations)

            bipunctatus Olivier 1812 (ME MD NY PA) (favors Stratiomyiidae; 2-12 per cell)

            crandalli Bohart and Schlinger 1956 (AZ AR)

            cressonii Robertson 1889 (MI NE NC PA TX UT VA)

            decorosus (Mickel) 1916 (NE PA WV)

            emarginatus Say 1837 (CA CO FL IL IN KS MD MA NC NM NY TX VA WA WY) (favors Milichiidae; 4-38 per cell)

            exclamans Viereck 1906 (CA FL KS NE NM)

            inornatus (Robertson) 1901 (IL NC PA)

            laetus Say 1837 (FL IL IN NC TX VA)

            laetus fulvipes Ch. Robertson 1889 (FL)

            major Mickel 1916 (NE NC)

            mexicanus Ch. Robertson 1889 (IL)

            niger Ch. Robertson 1889 (IL NY)

            packardii Ch. Robertson 1889 (IA IL NE NM NC TX)

            rancocas Pate 1943 (NJ)

            sericeus Ch. Robertson 1889 (CA FL IL MS NE NY NC) (favors Otitidae; 3-14 per cell)

            subcornutus Cockerell 1895 (CO NE NM NY PA TX)

            subulatus CH. Robertson 1867 (CO IL NE ND NY) (uses Therevidae; 3-11 per cell)

            uniglumis (Linnaeus) 1758 (CA CO ID IL KS MT NE NM NY PA UT) (favors Anthomyiidae; 2-13 per cell)

Trypoxylonini

Trypoxylon (32 Nea) (Uses spiders; most are hollow twig nesters, also stems, keyholes, preexisting burrows; nectar on Aster and Goldenrod)

            albitarse Fabricius 1804 (NJ PA VA)

            bridwelli Sandhouse 1940 (TX only)

            carinatum Say 1837 (IN MD NC TX WV)

            clarkei Krombein 1962 (MD VA WI) (favors Mangora in Krombein)

            clavatum Say 1837 (CO FL GA KS NE NC MD MO NY TN TX VA WV)

(Krombein found 80% "wandering spider" use including Crab Spiders and Jumpers; 5-22 per cell; males assist at nest)

            clavatum johannis Richards 1934 (FL GA)

            collinum F. Smith 1856 (FL GA)

            collinum rubrocinctum Packard 1867 (DE KS MO NC NE NY MD PA SC TN TX VA)

(males assist in nest protection; uses 100% orb weavers, mostly Araneidae and Theridion; 5-27 per cell; favored dead tree traps for Krombein; provisions in July and August in NY)

            fastigium W. Fox 1891 (NE NC TX)

            frigidum F. Smith 1856 (CA CO IA NE NM NY NC MO MD NV PA TX VA WV WI WY) (favors structural sites in Krombein)

            johnsoni W. Fox 1891 (DC FL NC NJ MD MO NY TN VA WV) (favors Tetragnathids in Krombein)

            lactitarse de Saussure 1867 (FL GA KS NE NC PA TN TX VA WV WI)

            pennsylvanicum de Saussure 1867 (ID MD NC NY PA VA WV WI)

            politum Say 1837 (FL IN LA MD NE NC SC TX VA WV) (favors Araneidae; 2-17 per cell; pipe organ mud nests)

            richardsi Sandhouse 1940 (MD TX VA WV)

            spinosum Cameron 1889 (TX only)

            texense Saussure 1867 (FL CO IL KS NE NM TX)

            tridentatum Packard 1867 (AZ CA FL KS LA MD MO NE NC NJ NY NV UT VA WV)

(favors Araneidae, occasionally takes Black Widows, males assist at nest, Krombein found only orb weavers in nests; all one species in some studies; 7-12 per cell; prefers open areas)

            tridentatum archboldi Krombein 1959 (FL only)

MELLININAE

Melinini

Mellinus (4 Nea)

            bimaculatus Packard (East)

PEMPHREDONINAE

Pemphredonini (Uses Aphids)

Subtribe Pemphredonina

Passaloecus (16 Nea) (Uses aphids; twig and wood nester; plugged and partitioned with resin or pebbles; some species steal from other aphid feeding wasps)

            annulatus (Say) 1837 (IN KS NE NJ NC PA TX VA WV)

            areolatus Vincent 1979 (MD NY VA WV)

            cuspidatus F. Smith 1856 (CA CO DC MA NC NY VA WV) (14 -74 aphids per cell)

            lineatus Vincent 1979 (WV)

            relativus W. Fox 1892 (CO PA WY)

            singularis Dahlbom 1844 (NY)

Pemphredon (9 Nea) (Nests in tubes and bores and galls, decayed wood; nests are open; carries aphids in mandibles)

            foxii Rohwer 1917 (NC NJ VA WV)

            inornata Say 1824 (CO CT NE PA WI WV)

            lugubris (Fabricius) 1793 (AZ CO NC NH)

            menckei R. Bohart 1993 (MD)

            montana Dahlbom 1845 (CT CO NH NC)

            nearctica Kohl 1890 (CO NV WV)

            pulawskii Dollfuss 1993 (VA)

            unicolor Panzer 1798 (NJ TX WV)

Subtribe Spilomenina

Spilomena (5 Nea) (Uses immature and adult thrips; nests in twigs, timber, decayed wood)

            alboclypeata Bradley 1906 (WV WY)

            ampliceps Krombein 1952 (WV)

            barberi Krombein 1962 (CA MD PA VA)

            pusillus Say 1837 (CT IN MD NY NC VA WV)

Xysma (1 Nea) (Uses thrips; nests in Anobiid borings in sheds and buildings)

            ceanothae (Viereck) 1904 (DC MD PA)

Subtribe Stigmina

Stigmus (8 Nea) (Uses aphids; twig nesters; carries prey with mandibles; small active black wasps)

            americanus Packard 1867 (CO CT IL KS KY NC NY PA VA WV MY)

            aphidiperda Rohwer 1911 (NC PA)

            fraternus Say 1824 (CO MO PA VA WV)

            fulvicornis Rohwer 1923 (MS)

            fulvipes W. Fox 1892 (CA NE NM NC VA)

            inordinatus universitatus Rohwer 1909 (CO WV)

Psenini (Use hoppers)

Mimesa (33 Nea)

            cressoni Packard 1867 (CO IL IA MO NM NE NJ NY NC UT) (9-17 items per cell)

            ezra Cresson 1865 (CO IL MD NY)

            lutaria (Fabricius) 1787 (GA ME MD NM NY NE)

            maculipes W. Fox 1893 (FL NC NJ)

            pauper Packard 1867 (IL ME NE ND VA WV)

Mimumesa (16 Nea) (Uses Homoptera, Delphacids and Cicadellids; nests in clay banks, decaying wood)

            canadensis (Malloch) 1933 (NY)

            fuscipes (Packard) 1867 (MA)

            johnsoni (Viereck) 1901 (NJ VA WV)

            leucopus (Say) 1837 (CO IL IN MD)

            longicornis (W. Fox) 1898 (FL MD NC NJ)

            mellipes (Say) 1837 (IN IL IA NE NY)

            nigra (Packard) 1867 (CT NC PA VA WV)

            regularis (W. Fox) 1898 (NJ)

Pluto (21 Nea) (Uses leafhoppers; gregarious)

            aerofacies (Malloch) 1933 (NC TX)

            albifacies (Malloch) 1933 (IA TX)

            angulicornis (Malloch) 1933 (IA LA NM TX)

            arenivagus (Malloch) 1933 (FL GA NC)

            littoralis (Malloch) 1933 (FL MD NC SC)

            rotundus van Lith 1979 (FL)

            rufibasis (Malloch) 1933 (FL GA LA MD NC)

            sayi (Cresson) 1873 (CA KS MO NC TN TX VA)

            suffusus (W. Fox) 1898 (CA FL NM TX)

            tibialis (Cresson) 1873 (AL DC FL NC SC TX VA)

Psen (4 Nea) (Nests in stumps and dead trees, hard sand, clay banks)

            barthi Viereck 1907 (MD NC PA WI)

            erythropoda Rohwer 1910 (MD NY VA WV)

            monticola (Packard) 1867 (CT MD NH NC VA WV)

Pseneo (3 Nea) (Uses leafhoppers; ground nesting)

            punctatus carolina (Rohwer) 1910 (NC)

            punctatus ferruginea (Viereck) 1901 (FL)

            simplicicornis (W. Fox) 1898 (NC)

Psenulus (4 Nea) (Uses aphids and leafhoppers; nests in hollow stems, abandoned beetle borings)

            trisulcus (W. Fox) 1898 (CT MO NH NC NY PA VA WV)

PHILANTHINAE

Aphilanthopini

Aphilanthops (4 Nea) (uses various ant species)

            frigidus (Smith) (Transcont MN NC) (2-3 per cell)

            subfrigidus Dunning (Transcont) (3-4 per cell)

Clypeadon (8 Nea)

            dreisbachi Bohart (SCen)

Cercerini Beetle Hunters

Cerceris (87 Nea) (Uses adult Coleoptera)

            alaope Banks 1912 (NC VA)

            arelate Banks 1912 (NC NY VA)

            atramontensis Banks (MD NC NE)

            bicornuta Guerin (IL LA MD MN NC NE NM TX)

            blakei Cresson (FL GA KS NC)

            clypeata Dahlbom (MN MO NC NE IL PA SC TX WV VA)

            compacta Cresson (NM TX MD NC NE IL) (metanotom yellow)

            compar Cresson (AZ FL IL IA KS NE NC)

            crucis Viereck & Cockerelli (CO NM TX NC NE VA)

            dentifrons Cresson (IL ND NE NC NY)

            deserta Say (KS NC NE NY PA SD)

            echo Mickel (NE NJ NV NC)

            finitima Cresson (CA TX MN NE ND NC IL)

            flavofasciata Smith (FL MO NE NC) (uses Chrysomelids; 12-30 per cell)

            frontata Say (AR MO NM TX) (very sexually dimorphic, in MO uses two weevil species, nests in very hard packed earth and roads)

            fumipennis Say (FL IN KS MD MO MN NC NY TN TX) (uses Buprestidae; 5-18 per cell) (wings black)

            halone Banks (MD MN NC ND NE TX VA)

            insolita Cresson (AZ IL MD NC NE NM TX)

            jucunda Cresson (TX NC)

            kennicottii Cresson (AZ IA LA NM TX NC)

            mandibularis Patton (CT NE NC)

            melanthe Banks 1947 (AZ NC)

            nigrescens Smith (CO CA ID NY TX NC WA WY)

            prominens Banks 1912 (NC VA)

            rufopicta F. Smith 1856 (CT FL NE NC)

            rufinoda Cresson (CO KS NC NE)

            sexta Say 1837 (CO MO KS NE ND)

            squamulifera Mickel 1916 (NE NC)

            verticalis F. Smith 1856 (GA TX NC NE)

Eucerceris (26 Nea 2)

            canaliculata (Say) 1823 (AR CO KS NM TX UT)

            zonata (Say) 1823 (AR KS MA NE NM TX)

Philanthini (Bee Wolves)

Subtribe Philanthina

Philanthus (32 Nea)

            bilunatus Cresson (CO NC) (Uses mostly Halictid bees, prefers firm coarse soil in wooded areas, less colonial)

            gibbosus (Fabricius) (NY Transcont TX UT FL NC) (Uses mostly Halictid bees, colonies small and loose)

            lepidus Cresson Live (MN NC E and W to TX) (Uses mostly Halictid bees, tight colonies in sparsely vegetated fine-grained sand)

            politus Say (NY MN FL NC East) (Uses mostly Halictids, rarely colonial, gathers then sorts bees)

            sanbornii Cresson Live (MN NC East) (Uses six or seven bee and wasp families, large colonies, one nest per season, flies mainly in June)

            ventilabris Fabricius (Transcont TX MN NC IL) (Uses Halictid bees and wasps; 3-15 per cell; more packed soils, shallower nests, closes nests when away)

81 Genera

369 Species