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AR Pompilidae |
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Working list of the Pompilid wasps likely in Arkansas. Obtained from internet sources and the Nearctica North American list. There are about 300 North American species in 34 genera. This is a much smaller group overall than the related Sphecidae. Not all those listed below are proven for the state. I have 119 species here which is likely overly generous for our state. Species with AR in blue have specimens in the U of A Fayetteville collection (72 species). The number of counties for Arkansas is in brackets. And someone at the museum in the past must have had connections because virtually every specimen of Pompilid there was determined to species by Howard Ensign Evans.
All species use spiders for their food caches. Almost all are ground nesters with the exception of a few trap nesters in Dipogon and Auplopus. Often the Pompilids are colored with combinations of blacks and oranges. Some are very large. And the sting of the Pompilids is renowned. On the pain scale it exceeds the rating of the stunning Velvet ant sting. A few of these wasps take adult Tarantulas head to head in one of the higher heroic acts in the insect world.
This is an online key to the main subfamilies in Pompilidae. It needs to be used in order to get to the genera keys online and here for the subgroups. http://www.biology.usu.edu/labsites/pompilidweb/Web_pages/KeyNW_subfamilies.htm
Former genera in this previously confusing group are in parentheses. There are very few images of these wasps on the internet. But any links available are linked to species or genera. States listed are the ones I have from multiple sources and from Howard Ensign Evans' 1950, 3 volume work A Taxonomic Study of the Nearctic Spider Wasps Belonging to the Tribe Pompilini. That work does not cover the whole family so some ranges are still incomplete. Subspecies are included where defined in Evans' papers. Texas only species are not included until they are proven to occur elsewhere in the east. I will add a genera key to the site when I define one from Evans' papers. It is now here. And a species key for the large genus Anoplius. Clicking on the genus name will take you to any prepared keys to species.
Nick Fensler's Ohio work and growing website on Pompilids.
This is a link to an online key to another complete Pompilinae genera list for all of the US: http://www.biology.usu.edu/labsites/pompilidweb/Web_pages/KeyNW_Pomp_Epipomp.htm
This link is to a genera key for the Pepsinae group which is not included in Evans paper or Bradley's paper: http://www.biology.usu.edu/labsites/pompilidweb/Web_pages/KeyNW_Pepsinae.htm
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Ageniella accepta (Cresson) 1867 (Pompilus) AR[3] IL NC TX UT agenioides (Fox) 1893 (Priocnemis) AR[1] NC arcuata (Banks) 1910 (Cryptocheilus) AR[3] IL NC TX conflicta Banks 1944 (Ageniella) IL NC TX faceta (Cresson) 1872 (Priocnemis) NC TX fulgifrons (Cresson) 1867 (Pompilus) AR[1] IL NC longula (Cresson) 1867 (Pompilus) AR[4] IL NC mintaka Brimley 1928 (Ageniella) NC partita Banks 1919 (Ageniella) AR[1] semitincta (Banks) 1912 (Priocnemis) NC TX utilis (Cameron) 1891 (Pseudagenia) AR[1] TX vogeli Townes 1957 (Ageniella) AR[1] NC Agenioideus (Closely related to Auplopus. Evans had three subgenera in Agenioideus. Our species birkmanni is in a separate subgenus from humilis. Females of birkmanni have strong tarsal combs and moderately spiny legs. Females of humilis have neither.)
birkmanni (Banks) 1910 (Psammochares) Black species, usually silvery sericeus; 5-11mm females AZ AR[1] CA CO GA KS MD MO TX WY
humilis Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) Black species, inner orbits and hind tibiae usually with a pale spot; 5.5-10.5mm females CA CO FL NC MN OH TX Allaporus pulchellus (Banks) 1910 (Planiceps) Female black, abdomen sometimes red. Hind femora red when abdomen is. Sometimes also hind tibia and middle femora. Short pubescence. Wings with uniform infuscation. Male entirely black. Females 4.5 - 5.5 mm. AL AR[1] CA MD OR TX VA (See key for this large genus) acapulcoensis (Cameron) 1893 (Pompilus) AR[2]
aethiops (Cresson) 1865 (Pompilus) Black violaceous, clothed with fine dark pubescence with metallic colors; found in fields, meadows and prairies, never on open sand; female 13-23mm AL AR[1] CA CT GA IL NC MI MN MT OH SD TX WI
americanus americanus (Beauvois) 1805 (Pompilus) Black, with second and third tergite with a pair of orange spots, wings subhyaline; found on sandy or barren areas and clay banks; female 9-16mm AR[3] CO GA IL KS LA MI MN MS NE NY NC OH PA SD TX
americanus juxtus (Cresson) 1865 (Pompilus) Black with the basal three abdominal segments in large part orange; found on beaches and stream banks; female 9-17mm AL CA LA KS NM TN
amethystinus atramentarius (Dahlbom) 1844 (Pompilus) Common, black, violet or purple reflections with some blue-greens, wings dark; wide-ranging but prefers bare clay soil areas along water; female 15-24mm AL AR[6] CT FL IN KS LA NE NJ NY OH OK PA TX
apiculatus autumnalis (Banks) 1914 (Pompilus) Female head and thorax black, abdomen bright rufo-ferruginous over first three or four segments, black otherwise, wings hyaline, body patterned with pale and dark pubescence, some silvery, always with a band of silver along the posterior pronotum; found on gravelly and sandy streambanks; used exclusively Lycosidae in one study; female 7.5-13mm AL FL IL KS MN NY NC OH PA TX
atrox (Dahlbom) 1843 (Pompilus) Black with second tergite marked with a pair of orange spots which may be confluent medially, hairy, rarely metallic reflective; found in fields and meadows; female 15-24mm AL AR[5] AZ CT CO FL IL LA MA MI MN MT NM NC NY SD TX
bengtssoni (Regan) 1923 (Lophopompilus) Black with a pair of orange spots on second tergite, femora often hairy, close to atrox with narrower eye separation dorsally and more comb-spines; large females 17-26mm AL AR[4] FL KS MA MI MN NY NC PA SD TX
bolli Banks 1917 (Anoplius) Black, with brownish-fuscous pubescence that is a little paler on the front; abdomen bluish or purplish, pronotum slightly hairy; clay riverbanks; female 13-18.5mm KS MO NJ NC PA TX VA
cleora (Banks) 1917 (Psammochares) Black with deep bluish, purplish pubescence, body extensively hairy, wings dark; found almost exclusively on open sand near water courses; used exclusively Lycosidae in one study; female 13-19mm AZ CA CO IN KS MI MN NC ND NJ NY OH OR TX VT WV
clystera (Banks) 1914 (Pompiloides) Black, pubescence fusco-violaceous, with bluish abdomen; female 7-13mm AR[1] AZ CO KS NM TX
cylindricus (Cresson) 1867 (Pompilus) Black with abdomen marked with orange or yellow-brown over the first two tergites, occasionally the third, pubescence brownish; inland well-drained areas; female 4.5-12mm AZ CO CT FL MT MN NM NC NY OR TX UT
depressipes Banks 1919 (Anoplius) Black, wings fuliginous, violaceous, sometimes with silvery pubescence on the front coxae in front and the middle and hind coxae behind, rather hairy; known to use aquatic spider species; female 11-20mm AL AR[1] FL GA KS MA MD MN MI ME NC NY NJ PA VA WI WV
illinoensis (Robertson) 1901 (Pompilus) Black, wings lightly to moderately infuscated, pubescence brownish-fuscous, violaceous abdomen; lacks a tarsal comb; female 9-16mm AR[1] GA IL KS ME MI MN MO NC ND OH TX
imbellis Banks 1944 (Anoplius) Black, front wings moderately infuscated, hind wings subhyaline, pubescence brownish-fuscous, sometimes silvery on the sides of the lower front; favors small streams; female small 5-10mm AR[2] CA KS MA NM NC NY TN TX UT VA
insolens (Banks) 1912 (Pompiloides) Black with brownish-violaceous pubescence; sandy areas; female 7.5-14mm AR AZ CA GA KS KT MA ME MI MN NC NY TX
ithaca (Banks) 1912 (Psammochares) Black, fore wings hyaline basally, become gradually infuscated toward the apex, pubescence fuscous-violaceous, often silvery on the hind coxae, sometimes with silvery bands at the bases of the basal abdominal tergites; female 5.5-11mm AR[1] AZ CA GA ME MN NM NC NY TX VT
lepidus lepidus (Say) 1836 (Pompilus) AR[5] AZ IL NC TX
marginatus (Say) 1824 (Pompilus) One of the commonest species, black with orange-brown over most of the second tergite and part of the basal tergites, pubescence brownish; sandpits, gardens and sandy woodlands; used 40% Salticidae in one study; female 5.5-13mm AL AR[1] AZ CO FL IL LA MI MN MT NM NC OK TX
papago Banks 1941 (Anoplius) Black with intense blues, sometimes rich Prussian blue; female 8.5-15mm AR[1] TX
percitus Evans 1950 (Anoplius) Black, forewings lightly infuscated, pubescence wholly brownish-cinereous; female 6-9.5mm AL AR[2] CO KS MA MI NC NY PA TX VA
rectangularis gillaspyi Evans 1950 (Pompilinus) Female unknown NC TX
relativus (Fox) 1893 (Pompilus) Widely distributed, very variable, males easily separated by strong brushes of hair on the venter, females black often bluish reflecting, hairy; sandy, gravelly waste areas in open country; females 11-21mm AR[4] FL LA MA MI TX VT
semirufus (Cresson) 1867 (Pompilus) Black with base of the abdomen more or less orange over the first two tergites, head and thorax shining, wings lightly infuscated, silvery pubescent body otherwise; sandy areas; 75% Lycosidae in one study; female 7-13mm AL AR[1] FL LA KS MI MT NC SD TX
splendens Dreisbach 1949 (Pompilinus) Black with the first two abdominal tergites for the most part pale brownish-yellow, approaching orange, pubescence brownish, silvery on the head; sandy plaes, gardens and light soil; female 7.5-14.5mm AL AZ CO GA MN MI ME ND NY NJ NC OH PA SD TX VT
stenotus bequaerti (Dreisbach) 1949 (Pompilinus) Female was unknown to Evans, male black, silvery over the head and thorax; sand pits and dunes FL IL KS MN MI NC TX
subcylindricus (Banks) 1917 (Pompiloides) Black, pubescence wholly dark, somewhat violaceous; small sandy or gravelly areas; female 5.5-9.5mm AL AR[4] FL KS MI MN NE NH ND NC NM TX UT VA
tenebrosus (Cresson) 1865 (Pompilus) Black, pubescence brownish to black with some violaceous color especially on the abdomen; females 7.5-15mm CA CO IL MN MI NC NJ NM NV PA SD UT VI WI
ventralis (Banks) 1910 (Psammochares) Black, pubescence very dark, deep bluish; wide ranging; female 10-15mm AR[2] FL LA MI MN NC SD TX
virginiensis (Cresson) 1867 (Pompilus) Black, pubescence very fine brownish, usually silvery on the middle and hind coxae; woodlands; female 8-13.5mm CO CT GA IL KS KT MI MN MO NC OH Anoplochares (Genus split from Pompilus and only two members. A. similaris occurs in New England and east of the Appalachians. Very similar. More open country species.) apicatus Provancher 1882 (Pompilus) Color black, posterior orbits sometimes with a pale spot. Front wings moderately infuscated. Pubescence brownish. Clypeus over three times as broad as high. Antennae length very variable. Evans had no records ever of this fairly common wasp being taken with a spider. Prefers sheltered woodlands in the east. Early summer species and even active in March and April in the south. Female 6.5-14mm AL AR[3] CA GA LA NC NM TX WA Aporinellus (Genus has several characters that separate it. Conical processes at the angles of the propodeum, absent visible postnotum dorsally and a wing with only two submarginal cells. All are relatively small at 4-13mm. Unicellular nests, virtually all use jumping spiders for prey.)
completus Banks 1917 (Aporinellus) Female head shape less rounded than fasciatus, broader than high, female black with yellowish-brown mandibles that are red tipped, often extensively silvered; female 5-8mm AR[1] AZ CA CO CT KS MN NM NY NC SD TX VA
fasciatus Smith 1855 (Aporus) Very common, female black, mandibles yellowish brown in the middle with deep ferruginous tips, very variable silvering overall, wings hyaline or lightly infuscated; female 4-13mm CA CO GA MD MI MN NE NJ NC NV UT VA WY
medianus Banks 1917 (Aporinellus) NC TX
taeniatus taeniatus Kohl 1886 (Pompilus) Abdomen entirely black, legs black to all rufous, and sometimes with rufous antennae bases, body often very silvery; females 4.5-8mm AZ CA CT FL GA KS LA MN NC NJ NM NY OH SD
yucatanensis Cameron 1893 (Pompilus) AZ CO FL GA ID KS MT NJ OH OR TX UT WA WY Aporus (One species uses trap door spiders.) niger Cresson 1867 (Planiceps) Black with blue-green to bronzy purple reflections. Frontal view vertex forming a nearly continuous curve with the orbits. Front tibia with about five spines. Males black with white pubescence. Females 9 - 13 mm. AR[2] CT FL GA IL KS MD MO NC OH TX VA Arachnospila (Another former subgenera of Pompilus now split. There are three species and one of these has two subspecies. The others are western and northern.) scelestus Cresson 1865 (Pompilus) Black with steel blue and purplish reflections and a pale spot in the upper posterior orbits. Dark pubescence, forewings fuscous. Very hairy overall. Inner orbits convergent above. 3, 4 or 5 comb spines on tarsus. Apical segment of front tarsus short and asymmetrical, the inner margin distinctly expanded. Apparently prefers Lycosids and Dolomedes. Female very variable in size 9 to 22mm average about 13.5 mm. AZ CO CT GA IA IL IN KS MI MN MO NC NM TX
Auplopus (Several species drag prey forward over the ground. Some known to build mud nests. Nest started before prey obtained.) adjuncta Banks 1911 (Pseudagenia) NC TX architectus Say 1836 (Pompilus) AR[2] CA CO CT MA MT NC NM OR WA caerulescens Dahlbom 1843 (Agenia) AR[1] AZ CA CO IO KS MD MN NC NJ OH PA TX mellipes Say 1836 (Pompilus) AR[2] CT MD NC nigrella Banks 1912 (Pseudagenia) AR[2] NC TX Caliadurgus (Has some red in the abdomen and serrate hind tibia. Sometimes stashes spider with its own web. See here.) fasciatellus 2nd (Spinola) (Day) 1979 (Sphex) ME MA MI MN NC OH TX Ceropales (Most may be parasites of other Pompilid genera. Females follow other spider wasps carrying prey and either fight the female head on or deposit egg inside the booklung of the prey when the prey is stashed temporarily. Ceropales egg overcomes the egg of the first prey species.) bipunctata Say 1824 (Ceropales) AR[1] CT IL NC brevicornis Patton 1879 (Ceropales) MO femoralis Cresson 1869 (Ceropales) AR[1] fulvipes Cresson 1872 (Ceropales) IL TX hatoda Brimley 1928 (Ceropales) NC longipes Smith 1855 (Ceropales) CT MN NC maculata Fabricius 1775 (Evania) Parasitic mostly of Anoplius species. AZ CA CO CT ID IL IN IO KS ME MD MA MI MN MT NH NJ NY NC ND OH OR PA RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VI WA WV WY robinsonii Cresson 1867 (Ceropales) AR[1] CT IL Calopompilus albopilosus Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) NC OH feroculis (Banks) AR[1] OH fortis Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) NC OH maculipennis Smith 1855 (Pompilus) AR[1] NC TX validus Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) NC Cryptocheilus (Some of the European species are very strongly marked with orange and/or red.) attenuatum Banks 1933 (Cryptocheilus) AR[1] MO OH TX idoneus Banks 1910 (Cryptocheilus) NC terminatus Say 1828 (Pompilus) AR[1] AZ CO IL KS MN MT NM ND OH SD TX WA WY Dipogon (One species used almost 100% Thomisidae in a study. Trap nesters with material made variously of mud, silk, plant material, insect parts, caterpillar frass. Nest started first then prey obtained.) calipterus Say 1836 (Pompilus) NC WV fulleri Krombein 1962 (Dipogon) NC papago Banks 1943 (Deuteragenia) AR[1] CT MD NC NY OH TX pulchripennis Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) AR[1] NC WV Entypus fulvicornis Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) AR[12] CT IL MO NC OH TX magnus Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) NC unifasciatus unifasciatus Say 1828 (Pompilus) AR[4] CT IL MO NC OH TX Episyron (Genus recognized by scales on the first abdominal tergite, propodeum and parts of the thorax. Several species take Orb Weavers. Most drag the prey backwards holding with the mandibles. Some are very common species.)
biguttatus biguttatus (Fabricius) 1798 (Pompilus) Three comb-spines in female, legs black, head and thorax with abundant black hair, body dull black, vague bluish or purplish, usually a pair of rounded spots on tergite 3, sometimes also 2 and 4, sand or gravel banks, uses Araneidae spiders, one of the commonest spider wasps; female 9-18mm AR[3] CT FL IL MI MN MT NC NM TX
conterminus posterus (Fox) 1855 (Pompilus) Three comb-spines in female, legs partly or wholly rufo-ferruginous, head and thorax with abundant pale hair, inner and outer orbits pale yellow, small spots on the bases of the front wings; males with tricolored mandibles; prefers sandy habitats and Araneidae spiders; female 6.5-13mm AL AZ CA GA FL IL MS NM NC SC TX
quinquenotatus quinquenotatus (Say) 1835 (Pompilus) Four comb-spines in female, apical abdominal tergite with a white spot, 2 to 6 paired spots on the abdomen, sometimes united into bands on 2 to 4, head and thorax usually very silvery; uses 100% Araneidae species; female 6.5-13mm AR AL CO KS MN MT NC TX UT VA WY
snowi Viereck 1906 (Anoplius) Black with brownish or obscurely metallic color, antenna fairly short, ocelli form a flat triangle, body mostly hairless, head very thin; male wings with a whitish bloom; female 8-13mm AL AR[1] AZ CA FL GA ID IL NM NJ NC SD UT TX WA (Genus characteristically with very short antennae. Most are black with the base of the antennae rufous. Several are very metallic bluish insects. They are social parasites of other Pompilini including Anoplius.)
hyacinthinus Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) Black with two pale spots on each orbit, deep blue purplish or blue green sheen, sometimes silvery over clypeus and frontal region; 6.5-14mm females AZ FL LA MN NC NM OH TX UT WI
ingenuus Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) Black, blue-violet, purplish, never silvery pubescent, wings very dark; 10.5-18mm females AZ CA CO GA IL IO KS MN NC ND OH SD
padrinus minisculus (Banks) 1910 (Psammochares) Black with silvery pubescence over head, thorax and propodeum; 4.5-9mm females AL AR[1] LA GA NH MI MN TX SD
parvus Cresson 1865 (Pompilus) Black, bluish, sometimes slightly silvery in front, wings much less darkened than in ingenuus; 5-11.5mm females AR[3] AZ CA IL MO MN NM NC GA TX
subangulatus Banks 1919 (Sophropompilus) Black, usually much less metallic than the above species, never silvery; 7.5-13mm females AZ CA CO MI MN NC NJ NM OH SD Minagenia (M. osoria uses Lycosids and temporary paralysis. Spider roams free with egg implanted.) julia Brimley 1934 (Ageniella) NC montisdorsa Dreisbach 1953 (Minagenia) AR[1] osoria Banks 1944 (Nannochilus) NC Paracyphononyx (Our one species is black with a long malar space, males have serrate antennae) funereus Lepeletier 1845 (Anoplius) Females 11-20mm AR[2] CO CT FL LA MA NC NY OH SD TX UT WV Pepsis (Most carry prey backwards with mandibles. Apparently only prey on tarantula species.) angustimarginata Viereck 1908 (Pepsis) AR[2] UT chrysothemis Lucas 1895 AZ NM CA TX elegans Lepeletier 1845 (Pepsis) Dark wings, orange antenna AR[2] MO NC grossa (Fabricius) 1798 (Pompilus) Dark antenna, sometimes orange-tipped in males and males with only 12 segments; bright orange to yellow wings in our area AR[1] NM AZ mildei Stål 1857 (Pepsis) Orange antenna AR[3] TX thisbe Lucas 1895 AZ NM TX Phanagenia (Female builds mud nests. Lycosid prey common. Often removes legs of larger prey. Carries by spinnerets or palps.) bombycina (Cresson) 1867 (Pompilus) AR[2] NC Poecilopompilus (Usually marked with other than black, interruptus very ornate in the south. P. interruptus, at least, drags prey backwards.) algidus algidus (Smith) 1855 (Pompilus) Ferruginous to mahogany to black colored, third tergite with two semi-circles or a complete band of orange, no yellow on abdomen, head blacks and browns, antennae brownish for first three segments and then black, wings wholly dark; used 100% Argiopidae in one study; females large at 17-28mm AL AR[1] CT FL GA IL LA MA MI MN MD NJ NC ND SD TX VA WV
interruptus interruptus (Say) 1835 (Ceropales) Impressively ornate females, marked like large Yellow jackets with red, yellow and black on the abdomen. Eyes converge dorsally; Females 11-18mm AL AR[4] CA LA FL IL IO NC OH MI TX VA WY Priocnemis (Serrate posterior tibia. Multicellular nests built before hunting.) cornica Say 1836 (Pompilus) Used mostly Lycosidae, but several spider families (up to 15!) are used by members of this genus. AR[3] CT NC germana Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) AR[1] CT NC OH minorata Banks 1912 (Priocnemis) Used about 50% Amaurobiidae in one study. AR CO GA IN IO KS KT ME MD MA MI MN MO NH NJ NY NC OH OR PA TN TX VT VI WI minuscula Banks 1917 (Ageniella) NC nigripes Cresson 1865 (Pompilus) AR[1] NC Priocnessus (Several species carry prey forward over the ground.) dakota Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) NC nebulosus Dahlbom 1843 (Priocnemis) AR[1] NC nuperus Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) CT NC OH TX Psorthaspis (One species chews into trap door spider homes.) brimleyi Malloch 1928 (Pedinaspis) Black with double orange spot on second tergite. Colors lustrous with purplish reflections. Wings deeply infuscated. Females 19mm. AR[2] NC TX legatus Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) AL AR[4] GA IL MD NC TN TX VA mariae Cresson 1867 (Pompilus) AR DC FL IL MD NJ NC PA TN VA sanguinea Smith 1855 (Ferreola) Principally orange (with some cinnamon and rufus) over underside of scape, upper thorax, abdominal segments 1 to 3 and sometimes the hind femora. Head, legs, antenna, and last three abdominal segments black. Last two abdominal segments with some ashy gray. Wings fuscous. 15-18mm. AR[2] FL GA KS NC NJ PA TX (S. apicalis used mostly Salticidae in one study.) apicalis Say 1835 (Ceropales) AL AR[2] CT FL IL KS MD MI MN NC NE NJ NY OH TX WV neotropicalis Cameron 1893 (Pompilus) AL AR[1] AZ CA GA IL LA NC TX Tachypompilus (One other species of Tachypompilus used purely Heteropodidae. See here. ) ferrugineus ferrugineus (Say) 1824 (Ceropales) AR[5] CO FL IL IN KS MD MN NC NJ OH PA TX UT WV
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